The neck of a person, like any animal, is an amazing part of the body, quite fragile, but powerful.
The cervical spine, along with all the muscles and ligaments, holds and moves the skull, absorbs shock when walking, protects the brain from concussion, protects the blood vessels that feed it, and also provides protection to the spinal cord.
When your neck hurts, the reasons can be quite varied. Some of them may resolve on their own within a few days, while some may cause chronic illness and pain.
Kini idi ti irora waye?
The most common reason for neck pain is poor posture. With a hunched back, the head ceases to occupy a position exactly above the body and moves forward. In this position, the muscles and ligaments of the neck experience increased tension. The development of stooping and neck pain is facilitated by prolonged work without changing position, sleeping on a soft bed or high pillow, and prolonged static load.
Other causes of neck pain include injury from falling head first, in a traffic accident, or while playing sports. During sudden acceleration and then braking, the cervical spine makes a whip-like movement. As a result, ligaments and muscles may become overstretched, displacement or compression fractures in the cervical vertebrae may occur, and intervertebral hernias may form.
Neck pain can occur as a secondary manifestation of other diseases. For example, during a heart attack, when a heart attack causes severe pain, radiating along the nerve plexuses to the upper limbs, chest, and neck. Neck pain during a heart attack is only part of a large complex of symptoms - shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, vomiting. If your neck or jaw hurts or other signs of a heart attack are observed, you should immediately call an ambulance.
A tun lo irora ọrun bi ami aisan ti meningitis. Pẹlu arun yii, awọn iṣan ọrun di hypertonic, iyẹn ni, wọn di lile. Nigbati mo gbiyanju lati tẹ ori mi si àyà mi, ẹhin ọrun mi dun pupọ.
Awọn ọpa ẹhin ti o wa ni agbegbe ọrun n ṣe ipalara pẹlu arthritis rheumatoid, osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, spondylosis ati osteoarthritis, hernia tabi protrusion, pẹlu funmorawon ti awọn gbongbo ara tabi ọpa-ẹhin nipasẹ edema àkóràn, abscesses, èèmọ tabi awọn neoplasms ti ko dara.
Awọn ọran pataki
Awọn arun ibajẹ
Osteochondrosis, tabi, ni awọn ọrọ miiran, awọn aiṣedeede degenerative ninu awọn disiki intervertebral, nyorisi eniyan nigbagbogbo ni irora ọrun. Eyi maa n jẹ irora irora kekere, eyiti o maa n tẹle pẹlu rilara ti numbness ati irora ni igbanu ejika ati ori.
Agbegbe kola ti o ni ipa nipasẹ osteochondrosis le fa idagbasoke ti iṣọn iṣọn-ẹjẹ ọpọlọ. Pẹlu idinku ninu awọn ijinna intervertebral ni agbegbe yii, ibajẹ ikọlu waye si awọn iṣọn vertebral ti o kọja nipasẹ awọn ṣiṣi ti awọn ilana iṣipopada ti vertebrae cervical. Titẹ lori ọkọ nfa idinku ninu sisan ẹjẹ si ọpọlọ, nfa dizziness, dinku iran ati igbọran. Ni apa keji, irritation ẹrọ ti iṣọn-ẹjẹ pẹlu titẹ lati inu vertebrae nfa spasm reflex, eyiti o fi ara rẹ han bi sisun, irora gbigbọn ni ori.
Itọju
Ti ọrun rẹ ba n dun nigbagbogbo nitori osteochondrosis, lẹhinna itọju ailera bẹrẹ pẹlu imukuro iṣọn irora. Itọsọna ọranyan keji ti itọju ni lati da awọn ilana degenerative duro ni awọn eegun cervical.
Iderun irora le ṣee ṣe ni lilo awọn ẹgbẹ wọnyi ti awọn oogun:
- awọn oogun egboogi-iredodo ti kii-sitẹriọdu - taara dina kasikedi ti awọn olulaja ti o ṣe afihan irora;
- awọn isinmi iṣan - imukuro awọn spasms iṣan ti o dide ni ifarabalẹ lati irora nla;
- sedatives - tunu ati ki o dẹkun eto aifọkanbalẹ ati gbigbe awọn irora irora, pẹlu (valerian, antidepressants, awọn oogun oorun);
- vasodilators - iranlọwọ imukuro iṣọn iṣọn-ẹjẹ vertebral ati irora ti o ni nkan ṣe pẹlu rẹ.
Lati yọkuro idi ti irora ọrun nitori osteochondrosis, awọn oogun chondroprotective ni a fun ni aṣẹ ti o ṣe idiwọ iparun ti kerekere ati vertebrae, ati awọn eka nkan ti o wa ni erupe ile multivitamin.
Itọju irora tun ni itọju idaraya, physiotherapy, ifọwọra, isunki, reflexology ati taping therapy. Lakoko ijakadi, lati le mu irora pada, a gba alaisan niyanju lati wọ kola pataki kan ti o daabobo ọrun lati iṣipopada pupọ.
Irora iṣan
Irora ni ọrun le waye nitori igbona ti awọn iṣan ọrun, ti a npe ni myositis. Iru irora bẹẹ yẹ ki o ṣe iyatọ si neuritis (igbona ti awọn ẹhin ara ti ara pẹlu iṣọn-ara) ati irora ti o ṣẹlẹ nipasẹ osteochondrosis. Myositis waye lojiji, lẹhin ifihan si awọn okunfa asọtẹlẹ - hypothermia, gbigbọn, apọju gigun, ni pataki pẹlu awọn agbeka atunwi gigun ti iru kanna.
Myositis cervical jẹ ijuwe nipasẹ irora nla ti o waye nigbati iṣan igbona ba ṣe adehun. The sharp severity of pain leads to difficulty in performing certain types of movement. Nigbagbogbo awọn iṣan ọrun gigun ti o wa ni iwaju iwaju tabi awọn iṣan sternocleidomastoid ṣe ipalara, eyiti, nigbati o ba ṣe adehun ni ilọpo meji, fa ori pada, ati nigbati o ba ṣe adehun ni ẹyọkan, yi pada. Paapaa nigbagbogbo inflamed ni awọn iṣan jinlẹ ti o yika ọpa ẹhin ati gbe gbogbo ọrun ati sẹhin.
Nigbati o ba npa iṣan naa, ohun orin ti o pọ si ati awọn agbegbe nodular ipon ni a ṣe akiyesi. Idalọwọduro ti microcirculation ati trophism agbegbe yori si rirọpo mimu ti awọn myocytes pẹlu àsopọ asopọ. Bi abajade, awọn iṣan ọrun ni irẹwẹsi, iṣiro wọn ni awọn ẹgbẹ ti ọpa ẹhin jẹ idamu, "torticollis" le han, ati pe o ṣoro fun alaisan lati tọju ori rẹ ni gígùn.
Itọju
Itọju bẹrẹ pẹlu idinku fifuye lori ọrun. This is followed by a course of physiotherapeutic procedures - UHF heating, electrophoresis with drugs, paraffin heating, ozokerite wrap, diathermy, massage, acupuncture. Iru awọn ilana yii ṣe atunṣe sisan ẹjẹ ni awọn iṣan ọrun. Awọn oogun pẹlu awọn abẹrẹ ti awọn vitamin B, egboogi-iredodo ati awọn apani irora, awọn ikunra ati awọn rubs.
Traditional treatment recommends using cabbage or burdock leaves as pain-relieving compresses, preparing an ointment from crushed willow buds in butter, and making rubbings from a mixture of turpentine with apple cider vinegar and egg yolk. Wọ́n tún máa ń fi òróró ọ̀rá bò ọrùn náà, a ó sì tún fi wé e. Bọtini akọkọ si aṣeyọri ti eyikeyi itọju ni lati pese isinmi si ọrùn ọgbẹ titi ti awọn iṣan rẹ yoo fi mu pada patapata. Lẹhinna o yẹ ki o bẹrẹ lati da wọn pada si “ojuse” nipasẹ awọn gymnastics pataki ati ifọwọra.
Radicular syndrome
Severe pain in the neck, which spreads to the muscles of the head, shoulder girdle, upper limbs, can occur when the roots of the spinal nerves are pinched due to prolapse, protrusion or herniated intervertebral discs.
With this disease, protrusion of the inner core of the disc occurs towards the spinal canal or its lateral horns. Hernia ati awọn aami aisan rẹ nigbagbogbo han ni ẹgbẹ kan. Nigbati a ba ṣẹda titẹ lori awọn gbongbo ti awọn eegun ọpa ẹhin, sisun, irora didasilẹ han ninu awọn iṣan innervated (lumbago cervical). Alaisan naa ni rilara numbness ni agbọn isalẹ, agbegbe ti o wa ni ayika eti, ẹhin ori, awọn ejika, ati awọn apa. Dizziness and sharp pain in the neck appear when changing position from horizontal to vertical. Ilọsiwaju diẹdiẹ ti mojuto disiki naa yori si ibalokan si awọn tisọ agbegbe, igbona wọn, ati wiwu. This creates the preconditions for inflammation of the nerve endings with the development of radiculitis, and the mobility of the neck and upper limbs is gradually limited. Pipin igba pipẹ ti awọn eegun ọpa ẹhin nyorisi paresis tabi paralysis ti awọn ẹsẹ.
Itọju ailera
What to do if your neck hurts due to hernias? Ni ile, fun irora, awọn apanirun, awọn oogun egboogi-iredodo ti kii-sitẹriọdu, awọn oogun homonu, ati awọn isinmi iṣan ni a mu lati mu awọn spasms kuro.
Ni ile-iwosan, irora ọrun ti o nira ti yọkuro pẹlu iranlọwọ ti “awọn idena” - abẹrẹ ti awọn apanirun ni awọn ẹgbẹ ti ọpa ẹhin.
Wiwu ati igbona ti yọkuro pẹlu awọn oogun sitẹriọdu, eyiti o le ṣe itasi taara si agbegbe hernia. Ọgbẹ iṣan ti yọkuro nipasẹ gbigbe awọn isinmi iṣan.
Paapaa, lati ṣe idiwọ idagbasoke siwaju ti egugun, Mo lo awọn oogun ti o mu ki awọn ohun elo kerekere lagbara - chondroprotectors.
Ni ọpọlọpọ awọn igba miiran, awọn adaṣe itọju ailera ati isunmọ itọpa ti ọpa ẹhin ara ti o ni iranlọwọ pẹlu itọjade tabi ilọju diẹ. Alekun aaye intervertebral n ṣe iranlọwọ lati “fasẹhin” disiki intervertebral ati fifun titẹ lori awọn ara.
Ni ọran ti hernia otitọ kan pẹlu rupture ti oruka fibrous ati itusilẹ ti aarin sinu ọpa ẹhin, iṣẹ abẹ jẹ pataki. Awọn ọna pupọ lo wa lati yọ irora ọrun kuro nipasẹ iṣẹ abẹ:
- discectomy cervical iwaju - yiyọ kuro ti nkan ti o pọ ju ti disiki ti o n tẹ lori awọn eegun ọpa ẹhin;
- rirọpo disiki ti o bajẹ pẹlu isẹpo atọwọda, eyiti o daabobo ọpa ẹhin ara lati iparun siwaju;
- microendoscopic disectomy nipa lilo ọna ẹhin ati yiyọ awọn agbegbe kekere ti hernia nipasẹ endoscope;
- Disectomy cervical lẹhin nipasẹ lila ni ẹhin ọrun. Ikanni iṣiṣẹ ti pọ si ni pataki ki pinching ko ni idagbasoke ni ọjọ iwaju.
Neoplasms
Ti irora titẹ nigbagbogbo ba wa ni ọrun, o le fura ifarahan ti iṣelọpọ ajeji ni ẹka yii.
Awọn èèmọ ti ko dara (lipoma, fibroma, neuroma, osteoma, hemangioma) nigbagbogbo ni apẹrẹ deede ati pe a ti ṣalaye kedere; they rarely cause pain. Aibalẹ jẹ pataki ni nkan ṣe pẹlu funmorawon ti awọn tisọ agbegbe nipasẹ tumo. Awọn èèmọ buburu (osteogenic sarcoma, myeloma, akàn ti awọn apo-ara-ara tabi ẹṣẹ tairodu) ko ni awọn aala ati fun ọpọlọpọ awọn metastases si awọn agbegbe ti o wa nitosi. Ipa iparun wọn lori awọn ara ti o fa aibalẹ irora ati ibajẹ gbogbogbo ti ipo naa. Iwaju ọrun le di irora nitori akàn ti larynx, ọfun, iho ẹnu, tabi ẹṣẹ tairodu. Alaisan naa ni iriri iṣoro gbigbe, wiwu ni ọrun ati oju, ati iyipada ninu ohun. Ti o ba jẹ pe ọpa ẹhin ọgbẹ ni ipalara nitori iṣọn egungun, lẹhinna ipo yii tun nigbagbogbo tẹle ibajẹ si ọpa ẹhin ati awọn gbongbo ara ni ẹgbẹ ti ọpa ẹhin pẹlu idagbasoke paralysis.
Itọju
Itoju ti irora nitori awọn èèmọ jẹ ifọkansi nipataki ni imukuro idi naa - idinku tabi yiyọ tumo. Fun idi eyi, kimoterapi ati itọju ailera itankalẹ, sclerosis ti awọn ohun elo ti o jẹun tumo, ati yiyọ iṣẹ abẹ ti iṣelọpọ pathological ni a lo.
Iderun irora da lori bi o ti buru to irora:
- awọn oogun ti ko lagbara;
- awọn oogun irora iwọntunwọnsi;
- pẹlu irora ti o pọ si, wọn yipada si awọn opiates alailagbara;
- ni ọran ti irora nla, analgesia ṣee ṣe nikan pẹlu iranlọwọ ti awọn oogun opiate. Lati mu analgesia fun irora ọrun nitori awọn neoplasms, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, ati corticosteroids ti wa ni lilo.
Fara bale! Irora ọrun le waye fun awọn idi pupọ. Ni ibere ki o má ba padanu awọn aisan to ṣe pataki, o gbọdọ kọkọ ṣabẹwo si dokita kan fun ijumọsọrọ nipa iṣẹlẹ ti irora ati pinnu deede orisun rẹ.